Hi,
The owner's and operator's manuals for Farmall Cubs say the engine serial numbers begin with the letters FCUBM. The engine you have might have originally not been in a Cub, I don't know, probably Jim B. knows.
The V might be a number that isn't stamped clearly.
For the casting code you posted, the first digits are numbers, not a letter. They didn't use just 0, it has to be a month, it could be 10, maybe you didn't see the 1. Try cleaning it more, and using a good light to see it.
The last digit is the year, E is 1959, the info at TM Tractor Parts says.
Here is there info below.
http://www.tmtractor.com/id/id_004.htm
The last digit would be a Q for 1947, not the first digit.