I used the Pennington parts list to get several parts, and Stan was extremely helpful in sending information to source the bearings and seals. Here are the numbers I ended up getting to replace.
6205-ZZ metal shielded ball bearing, 25x52x15mm. These only need to be shielded on the opposite side of the zerk so grease can access them, and all descriptions I read indicated you can pull the shield off of one side of a ZZ bearing to make it a 6205-Z. When I called NAPA for a BCA 205, the cost was around $25. $25x6 for all spindles made me want to scrap the whole project. I shopped around and found a 10 pack on eBay for around $17. No doubt their quality isn't as good, but with four extra I can pick and choose and keep spares on hand.
25x52x7mm oil seal, double lip. I believe the thicker industrial seals (25x52x10mm) will fit as well. I called NAPA again, but the National 471619 or 453165 were both around $15 ea. I found these at a good price on eBay as well. Made an offer and got nine for $2 ea. Again, quality probably isn't on par with National but will serve the Pennington 600 well for my uses.
Also needed for three spindles are the following (so far):
Six 2" internal retaining rings
Six 1" external retaining rings
Three 1/8x1/2 Woodruff keys (to secure what looks like 'drive collar' in Pennington parts list)
Three 3/16x3/4 Woodruff keys to secure sheave to shaft - looks like parts list called for 3/16 sq key stock but mine had Woodruff keys. The pictures above show a slightly different keyway than mine.
Blades: Suggested to me were Rotary Corp's 6435, 19" blades, 1/2 round hole. Parts list called out 20" blades so I found some universal 20" Maxpower blades on Amazon. Will have to take care to adjust spindles back-forth to make sure the blades don't interfere.